The salinity of the Caspian Sea is approximately three times less (34-36%) of the salinity of ocean water. Therefore, the plant world is unique. Blue-green algae (Cyanoprokaryota / Cyanophyta / Cyanobacteria) are an integral component of the Caspian aquatic ecosystem and perform various functions. These algae are the oldest group of prokaryotic organisms involved in photosynthesis and have a significant impact on the global ecosystem.

This was reported by a leading researcher at the Laboratory of Algology and Lichenobriology of the Institute of Botany of ANAS, Ph.D. in Biology Maya Nurieva. The scientist said that blue-green algae play an important role in the formation of deposits in the Caspian Sea, and oil-like compounds form sapropel, which can be a precursor to oil. Noting the need for careful study and protection of blue-green algae, M. Nurieva said that these plants can also cause practical damage.